General Question : What is the link between Euclidean distances in the world and angles on the retina ?

Figure 1: Image from unknown artist in 1911 (Public domain): Ideal or Schematic eye. Legend: A, summit of cornea; SC, sclerotic; S, Schlemm's canal; CH, choroid; I, iris; M, ciliary muscle; R, retina; N, optic nerve; HA, aqueous humour; L, crystalline lens, the anterior of the double lines on its face showing its form during accommodation; HV, vitreous humour; DN, internal rectus muscle; DE, external rectus; YY′, principal optical axis; ΦΦ, visual axis, making an angle of 5° with the optical axis; C, centre of the ocular globe. The cardinal points of Listing: H₁H₂, principal points; K₁K₂, nodal points; F₁F₂, principal focal points. The dioptric constants according to Giraud-Teulon: H, principal points united; Φ₁Φ₂, principal foci during the repose of accommodation; Φ′₁Φ′₂, principal foci during the maximum of accommodation; O, fused nodal points. (Image from Unknown artistUnknown artist, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons).

The current section is divided into the following sub-sections:

Links

Atchison, D. A., & Smith, G. (2000). Optics of the Human Eye. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-3775-6.X5001-9